Direct and indirect perforator flaps: the history and the controversy.

نویسنده

Geoffrey G Hallock

چکیده

LEARNING OBJECTIVES After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Recognize the major role of the vascular supply to a cutaneous flap. 2. Predict its reliability. 3. Understand basic schemes for classification. 4. Realize that the evolution of these concepts is an ongoing dynamic process. Currently, the vascular supply to the fascial plexus is considered the factor of greatest importance in ensuring the reliability of any skin-bearing flap. The multiplicity of origins of the deep fascial perforators to this plexus has led to a bewildering array of terminology intended to encompass all possible flap options. A brief review of the history of the evolution of cutaneous flaps provides insight essential in understanding a simple proposal for their classification. Because all fascial perforators course either directly from a source vessel or indirectly first through some other tissue to ultimately reach the suprafascial layer, the corresponding flaps based on any such perforators could most simply be termed either direct perforator flaps or indirect perforator flaps, respectively.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Perforator Relocation in Free Style Local Perforator Flaps

Local perforator flaps have evolved over the time to provide complete and stable coverage of soft tissue defects. Technical advances and experience with the perforator flaps have allowed the harvest of local perforator flaps in a free style manner by offering greater freedom in flap selection. We have proposed a technical modification in the harvest of a perforator flap by relo-cating the perfo...

متن کامل

Perforator Flaps for Reconstruction of Lower Limb Defects

BACKGROUND Reconstruction of soft tissue defects in the lower third of the leg remains challenging. Anatomical constraints limit the local options available for complex defects especially lower third of leg. Local flaps based on perforator vessels are raising interest in reconstructive surgery of the limbs. We present our experience with perforator flaps for reconstruction of soft tissue def...

متن کامل

Use of Local Perforator Flaps for Post Burn Reconstruction

BACKGROUND Mainstay of post-burn reconstruction is release and split skin grafting. Pedicle flaps are cumbersome to the patient, require multiple procedures and hospitalization. Free flaps are technically demanding and facilities are not universally available. Here we evaluated the local perforator flaps for post-burn reconstruction. METHODS We have used sixteen perforator propellar flaps fo...

متن کامل

The Anterior Interosseus Artery Perforator Flap: Anatomical Dissections and Clinical Study

BACKGROUND Reconstruction of upper extremity deformities continues to be a challenge to the reconstructive surgeon. Various loco regional, distant and free flaps are available for reconstruction. However, each has its own set of advantages and disadvantages. Of the commonly performed local flaps, radial artery forearm flap, and the posterior interosseus artery flap stand out prominently. Rec...

متن کامل